Spatial variability of soil organic carbon stock in an olive orchard at catchment scale in Southern Spain

Orchards have a high potential for carbon sequestration. However, little research is available on the spatial variability at catchment scale and difference between tree area lanes. We analyzed theik of soil organic stock, SOCstock 90 cm depth in an 8-ha Southern Spain with olives vertic soil. Results showed higher concentration, SOC, as compared to lane up 60 depth, but its impact was negligible since it compensated by bulk density lane. SOC different depths correlated that top 0–5 cm. The overall orchard 4.14 kg m−2, ranging 1.8 6.0 m−2. This mid-lower range values reported olive orchards, measured smaller scale, similar those other intensive field crops agroforestry under comparable rainfall conditions. several geomorphological variables: elevation, cumulative upstream area, topographic wetness index, sediment transport tillage erosion. Differences are driven redistribution downslope, mainly erosion, water availability lower areas allowing biomass production. These indexes correlation topsoil should be further explored typology orchards facilitating mapping SOCstock.